Aphex 320A Compellor Automatic Compressor #16974

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The Aphex Model 320A delivers intelligent compressor action, leveling and peak limiting simultaneously. This intelligent, versatile and highly affordable processor can be used to solve audio level problems and improve audio signals in the broadcast studio, recording studio, tape duplication house, film dubbing studio and in live sound applications. Patented control circuits include analog computers that continuously analyze the input signal and vary the control characteristics to provide for virtually undetectable operation, regardless of the dynamics of the program. EASY TO USEExtremely easy to use, you only need to set the Drive level to generate the desired amount of processing, set the Process Balance control between Leveling and Compression and adjust the Output level for unity gain. The Model 320A is then ready to provide complete dynamic control - smooth, inaudible compression, increased system gain, desired program density and the freedom from constant gain riding - fully automatically! Its unique circuit design actually enhances transient qualities, thus making even heavy processing undetectable.The Model 320A provides the option of Dual Mono or Stereo operation. In the mono mode, you have two completely independent channels of processing to accommodate independent monaural signal feeds. In the Stereo mode, you can choose between linking only the leveling control signals or you can link both the compression and leveling signals. An intuitive front panel metering system displays input level, output level or gain reduction levels. All potentiometers are detented for accurate resetting of controls. A Leveling Speed (fast/slow) switch is located on the front panel, as is the defeat switch for the peak limiter. Operating reference levels are selectable from -10dBV, +4dBu or +8dBu. An RJ-11 connector is located on the rear panel to facilitate remote relay bypass of the unit.Intelligent Automated Gain Control (AGC) for consistent program levelsInvisible compression characteristics assure tighter dynamics and virtually transparent performanceInstantaneous peak limiting for effective system protection (user defeatable)Adaptive control circuits make for fast, simple set-up and no readjustment for varying program dynamicsThe Model 320A is almost identical to its predecessor, with the primary improvement being the addition of a newly developed (patents pending) Frequency Discriminate Leveler (FDL) circuit. Lab tests and exhaustive research led to the discovery that, under conditions of program leveling, the human ear perceives the onset of low frequency (bass & percussion) transients differently from transients at higher frequencies. This perception, as it turns out, is a direct function of the relative attack time of the leveler. Without FDL, there is a significantly greater chance that low frequency transients can create an audible bass pull back effect. In addition to a potential loss of bass and/or low end punch, mid and high frequency processing can be negatively impacted. To the listener, the effect can be heard as a perceived loss of bass or even pumping at the mid and treble frequency ranges.FDL eliminates this problem by allowing low frequency transients to trigger a slower attack time on the initial transient. High frequency leveling is still controlled within the attack time determined by the onboard computer. From the listener's standpoint, the benefits are:No more bass pullback effectMore bass punch for better music mixesFast leveling can be used in more applicationsReduced audio distortion in the leveling mode Audio Compressor / Leveler / Peak LimiterThe Compellor's simple audio path is composed of a servobalanced input stage, the world-renowned Aphex 1001 VCA, and a new electronically servo-balanced output stage which can be used balanced or single-ended. The nominal operating level of the Model 320A Compellor (O VU on the meter) is rear panel selectable between -10dBV, +4dBu and +8dBu to match virtually any system.There are three main detector circuits for Leveling, Compression and Peak Limiting:Leveling is performed in a manner related to the way the ear perceives loudness over long time intervals. The circuit effectively maintains output level within 1dB for a 20dB input level change. This action is slow enough to have a minimal impact on program transients or short term dynamics. The addition of FDL further improves the ability of the Leveler circuit to operate smoothly and undetected by introducing a measure of control over the different dynamic characteristics of low frequency vs. high frequency program material. By allowing the Leveler to discriminate between high and low frequency dynamics, the attack time applied to low frequency program is proportionately slower than at higher frequencies. The result is the virtual elimination of bass pull back or pumping at mid and high frequencies, a condition that is sometimes caused when bass or low pitched percussion dynamics impact the attack characteristics of mid and high frequency program.When leveling and compression are used together, the Leveler maintains the gain platform so that compression is consistent over the varying levels of program material, providing smooth sounding dynamic compression.The leveling action is interactive between the two channels when the Leveling Link button is depressed. In this mode, one control signal preserves overall balance and stereo imaging.Compression is accomplished with a variable ratio, attack and release. The ratio changes depending on program content from 1.1:1 to 3:1. The attack and release times are derived from and vary with program material. The soft knee threshold helps to prevent the choked sound character often associated with deep compression. Additional program dependent characteristics are imparted by other sections of the Compellor's on-board computers, the Dynamic Verification Gate (DVG), and the Dynamic Recovery Computer (DRC).The DVG monitors short term and long term average levels, compares them and impedes gain changes when program dynamics might be sacrificed for arbitrary gain reduction. The DVG also prevents gain release during short term program pauses which otherwise might cause audible pumping or breathing effects. Vocal program material is especially benefited by this feature, allowing voices to sound natural, even under heavy compression.The DRC allows very rapid recovery from gain reduction under certain complex program waveforms. Signals that are high in peak amplitude, but low in relative power, can cause an increase in compression release rate. Hence, undesired gain reduction is inhibited, preventing loss of transient waveforms, holes, etc. The sonic benefit of the DRC is substantial, contributing toward the natural, open sound of the Compellor, even when the signal is highly compressed.The Peak Limiter provides further dynamic control, capable of holding an absolute ceiling of 12 dB above the nominal O VU level. It may be bypassed using a switch located on the front panel. It is recommended that the limiter be bypassed when using the Compellor with a precision multiband limiter such as the Aphex Dominator.The Silence Gate detects significant gaps in the program material and freezes the processing, thus preventing noise swell or build-up, a condition commonly audible in other automatic gain control devices. The Silence Gate immediately releases when the program resumes.The Stereo Enhance feature does exactly as the name implies. When stereo information is detected the gain of each VCA is slightly modulated equally. The effect is a subtle natural widening of the stereo image. There is no matrixing of the audio and the effect is completely mono compatible. It has no effect on mono/center material.SPECIFICATIONS - Aphex Model 320A - COMPELLORNOMINAL OPERATING LEVEL:user selectable on back +8dBu +4dBu -10 dBVAUDIO Frequency Response �1 dB 10 Hz to 65 kHz same same Hum & Noise @ unity Gain No gain reduction -64 dBu -67 dBu -78 dBu 10dB gain reduction -68 dBu -74 dBu -81 dBu Crosstalk @ 20 kHz -60 dBu -65 dBu -70 dBu Dynamic THD (1kHz, 20dB G.R.) .05% same same THD @ max output .025% same same IMD (SMPTE) @ max output .12% .13% .4%INPUT Connector 3 pin XLR female Pin 1Ground (chassis), Pin 2 hot, Pin 3 low Type Transformerless, differential servo balanced with 4th order RF filter Impedance 22k balanced, 11k unbalanced same same Nominal Level +8 dBu +4 dBu -10 dBV (-7.8 dBu) Maximum Input Level +27 dBu +25 dBu +10.8 dBv (+13 dBu) CMRR >90dB/100Hz, >70dB/1kHz, >50dB/20kHz same sameOUTPUT Connector 3 pin XLR male Pin 1Ground (chassis), Pin 2 hot, Pin 3 low Type Transformerless differential servo balanced (may be used Unbalanced without 6dB loss) Impedance 65 ohms balanced/unbalanced (Nominal load 600 ohms or greater) Maximum Output Level: balanced +26 dBu +25 dBu +10.8 dBv (+13 dBu) unbalanced +21 dBu +20 dBu +10.8 dBv (+13 dBu)SYSTEM FUNCTIONS Compression, Frequency Discriminate Leveler, Peak Limiter, Dynamic Verification Gate (DVG) Dynamic Recovery Computer (DRC) Silence Gate, Stereo EnhanceTHRESHOLD (O VU with DRIVE fully clockwise) Compressor 30 dB below nominal level Leveler 30 dB below nominal level Limiter 12 dB below nominal levelRATIO Compressor 1.1:1 to 3:1 program dependent Leveler 20:1 Limiter >30:1ATTACK TIMES (for 20dB gain reduction) Compressor 5 to 50 msec program dependent Leveler - Fast 20 Hz = 3 sec >1 kHz = 1.5 sec Frequency Dependent Leveler (FDL) Leveler - Slow 20 Hz = 10 sec >1 kHz = 5 sec Frequency Dependent Leveler (FDL) Limiter 1 usecRELEASE TIMES (for recovery from 20dB gain reduction) Compressor 200 msec to 1 sec program dependent Leveler - Fast 3 sec Leveler - Slow 10 sec Limiter 200 msecOTHER SPECIFICATIONS Power Requirements 100 / 120 / 220 / 240 VAC 50-60 Hz 20 Watts max Dimensions 19W x 1.75H x 10.125 overall Depth (482.6mm x 44.5mm x 257.2mm) Depth behind front panel: 9.25 (234.95 mm) 1 Rack U high